![]() The upper pair of tubercles are the left and right superior colliculi, while the lower pair are the left and right inferior colliculi. The tectum features four tubercles on its surface which lie inferior to the pineal gland. The posterior surface of the midbrain is called the tectum, or roof, of the midbrain. Motor nucleus of oculomotor nerve, accessory motor nucleus of oculomotor nerve (Edinger-Westphal), nucleus of trochlear nerve, mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve red nucleus substantia nigra peraqueductal gray matterĪscending: superior cerebellar peduncle, medial longitudinal fasciculus, spinothalamic tract (spinal lemniscus), medial lemniscus, trigeminothalamic tract (trigeminal lemniscus), lateral lemniscusĭescending: corticospinal pathway, corticobulbar pathway, corticopontine pathwayĮye movement, ocular and auditory reflexes, breathing, pain modulation, mood regulation, enables the passage of the major ascending and descending pathway The initial part of the brainstem that connects the pons with the forebrain This article will discuss the anatomy and function of the midbrain (mesencephalon). It provides the passageway for the pathwaystraveling between the cerebral cortex and spinal cord.It houses the nuclei of three cranial nerves: oculomotor nerve (CN III), trochlear nerve (CN IV), and one of the nuclei of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) via which it controls the movements of the eye and sensation of the face.It contains the relay nuclei involved in the processing of auditory and visual information.However, it contains many important structures that make it essential for the proper functioning of the body: The midbrain is the shortest part of the brainstem. For most of its part, the midbrain sits in the posterior cranial fossa, traversing the hiatus of the tentorium cerebelli. ![]() The midbrain, or mesencephalon, is the most rostral part of the brainstem that connects the pons and cerebellum with the forebrain. ![]()
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